In Adjacent Germination, the seedling axis develops adjacent to the seed.
The Cotyledon will grow out a small ways, forming a “Button”
From this, the seedling stem will form, ( Plumule) and Adventitious roots will develop.
( Adventitious roots are the true roots of a Palm, they form at the root initiation zone located at the bottom of the stem – sometimes this zone does extend higher, as in the case of the stilt root palms )
Occasionally, seedling roots, ( Radicles ), are produced in adjacent germinations, these are generally short lived and soon replaced by Adventitious roots.
With Remote Germination, The seedling axis develops remotely from the seed.
( With Bismarckia nobilis and others, this can be up to a 12” distance )
The first structure to emerge from the seed is the Cotyledonary petiole, this grows down into the soil and forms a “ Bulge”, from here is where the seedling stem, ( Plumule), and seedling root, ( Radicle ), will form. With remote germination, the Radicle will persist for some time, often supplementing Adventitious root growth.
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Barb